This church, originally dedicated to Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, once formed a single entity with the adjacent, now-defunct monastery, founded there at the end of the 16th century. The current buildings, which served various purposes, date from the 18th century. After the Revolution, the monks were expelled in 1798, and the building was abandoned. A new religious order occupied the monastery between 1822 and 1879, before the former monastery became a girls' secondary school, which was closed in 1888. In 1894, the city sold part of the monastery to a nun from Angers; the community of Ladies of the Blessed Sacrament moved in. The sisters lived there until 1976. The church then became a parish, and the former monastery was converted into a retirement home.

The church was built in 1707 when the ruins of the former palace of Mary of Hungary served as a quarry. It is likely that the sandstone blocks used in the church's construction came from the palace. The choir also features decorative elements from this lost building: eighteen tall columns with Ionic capitals connected by an entablature and eight niches surmounted by a coat of arms of the palace chapel. The nave was rebuilt in 1767, and the windows were adapted in 1878 in the Neo-Gothic style.

The church was protected as a monument in 1976.